|
|
     |
 |
 |
|
|
 |
|
|
|
Agro-Climatic Conditions
Temperatures, rainfalls, winds
In Bulgaria Oriental tobaccos are grown normally at
a temperature of 20 - 21 C and of 85 - 100 ml / sq.
cm while at reproduction stage the temperature is 28
- 30 C and not less than 16 -18 C, and rainfalls are
55 - 77 ml / sq. cm.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Normally the distribution of rainfalls is sufficient for the
needs of the tobacco plants. The relative air humidity during
the vegetation period varies between 70 and 75 per cent and
during reproduction stage - between 57 and 60 per cent, reaching
65 per cent in more rainy years.
Due to the predominantly mountainous and hilly terrain, the
strength of the winds varies between 1 m/s to 2.5 m/s.
|
|
Relief and soils
Areas, suitable for tobacco growing in Bulgaria, are
distributed as follows:
- Areas with altitude up to 500 m - 72,5 per cent
- Areas with altitude up from 500 m to 1000 m - 27,5
per cent
|
|
 |
|
|
|
Approximately
52 per cent of the Oriental tobaccos ( the Yaka type ) are
grown in areas with altitude from 200 m to 700 m,
16 per cent of them ( Field type or Ova ) - in areas with
altitude up to 200 m, and the rest 32 per cent ( Basma and
Balkan ) - in areas with altitude from 700 m to 1000 m.
In South Bulgaria the prevailing relief is of mountain,
semi-mountain and hilly type. Three types of soil-generating
rocks are to be found: eruptive, sedimentary and metamorphic
as well as a great number of their varieties. There are shallow
maroon soils, sandy varieties of leached, highly leached and
typical maroon forest soils as well as grey and dark-grey
soils. There are also leached soils and black ones in the
low flat areas as well as brown forest soils in the highlands.
|
|
|
|
In North Bulgaria, where the prevailing relief is of
plain and hilly type, various sub-types of black and
grey forest soils can be found. The soil-generating
rocks here are mainly of sedimentary type, while eruptive
soils and crystalline shales are rare to be found.
|
|
|
|
|
    |
|
 |
